Understanding God’s Teaching Regarding the Lord’s Table
© 2025 C. O. Bishop
1st Corinthians 11:17-34
17 Now in this that I declare unto you I praise you not, that ye come together not for the better, but for the worse.
18 For first of all, when ye come together in the church, I hear that there be divisions among you; and I partly believe it.
19 For there must be also heresies among you, that they which are approved may be made manifest among you.
20 When ye come together therefore into one place, this is not to eat the Lord’s supper.
21 For in eating every one taketh before other his own supper: and one is hungry, and another is drunken.
22 What? have ye not houses to eat and to drink in? or despise ye the church of God, and shame them that have not? what shall I say to you? shall I praise you in this? I praise you not.
Paul Tells Us How to Behave
23 For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, that the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread:
24 And when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me.
25 After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, this cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me.
26 For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord’s death till he come.
27 Wherefore whosoever shall eat this bread, and drink this cup of the Lord, unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord.
28 But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup.
29 For he that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh damnation to himself, not discerning the Lord’s body.
30 For this cause many are weak and sickly among you, and many sleep.
31 For if we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged.
32 But when we are judged, we are chastened of the Lord, that we should not be condemned with the world.
33 Wherefore, my brethren, when ye come together to eat, tarry one for another.
34 And if any man hunger, let him eat at home; that ye come not together unto condemnation. And the rest will I set in order when I come.
Introduction:
In the matter of the Lord’s Table, the Corinthian believers were already in trouble: they just didn’t know it yet. Many among them were sick as judgment for sin, and some had died…God says so! Most of the time when we read about the Lord’s table, we begin in verse 23, but the context is important, so that we can see the background, and understand why they were in such trouble. So, today we will begin in verse 17.
What Was The Problem?
When we have a “pot-luck supper, in the church of today, everyone brings what they can, but we all share. If someone has nothing, (whether because they were not aware of the potluck, and so were unprepared, or because they are physically unable to bring something, or financially unable,) they are just as welcome as the one who brought a huge quantity of food. And there is usually food left over in our potlucks. We enjoy sharing and providing for one another.
But the Corinthians got together to eat, all right, and actually called it their communion, but they did not share, The rich went home stuffed with food and drink…sometimes actually drunk. The poor went home hungry and left out. Rather than fostering unity, they were producing division rooted in what they were calling the Lord’s Supper. Do you see the evil that was happening? They were splitting the church, causing deep resentment and disunity over the very thing that was supposed to draw them together.
A Root of Division
17 Now in this that I declare unto you I praise you not, that ye come together not for the better, but for the worse. 18 For first of all, when ye come together in the church, I hear that there be divisions among you; and I partly believe it. 19 For there must be also heresies among you, that they which are approved may be made manifest among you. 20 When ye come together therefore into one place, this is not to eat the Lord’s supper.
Paul clearly condemned what they were doing, and said this is NOT the Lord’s Supper. He said, that this practice was fostering schisms in the group. Today we might politely call them “cliques.” But it is still a division. And from chapter one we saw that Paul addressed the divisions in the church, and condemned the roots of those divisions: (Pride and self-will, as they were separating on the basis of who their favorite teacher was, and who baptized them.)
Divisions in the Church are always a bad thing. If the divisions are caused by bad teaching, false doctrine, etc., then the bad teaching is a problem, but the division is the real problem.
Jesus Gave the World Three Criteria by Which to Judge the Church:
- Agapé Love (See John 13:34, 35 “34 A new commandment I give unto you, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another. 35 By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another.”)
- Unity. (See John 17:21 “That they all may be one; as thou, Father, art in me, and I in thee, that they also may be one in us: that the world may believe that thou hast sent me.”)
- Good works. (See Matthew 5:15, 16 “15 Neither do men light a candle, and put it under a bushel, but on a candlestick; and it giveth light unto all that are in the house. 16 Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.“)
And all three concepts were being violated, there in Corinth, when they continually dishonored the Lord and His church by their self-centered way of approaching the Lord’s Table!
Unity was Discarded, and the Poor were Shamed
21 For in eating every one taketh before other his own supper: and one is hungry, and another is drunken. 22 What? have ye not houses to eat and to drink in? or despise ye the church of God, and shame them that have not? what shall I say to you? shall I praise you in this? I praise you not.
Better that they never actually ate together, if they failed to share freely, in Love and Unity. If they could not share, he said to leave the “feast” at home, and only share the bread and the cup.
Does this rule out pot-luck dinners? Nope! It rules out self-centered pride and selfishness in general. It rules out causing divisions where there should be none. As we share, and the bounteous meal is spread out for all to enjoy, we usually do not even know who brought what food, unless we ask, wanting the recipe, or when the dish has been washed, wanting to know with whom to send it home. That is not the important thing. Sitting down to eat together, as a local assembly of God’s Family is what is important.
So: What Should Happen in Celebrating the Lord’s Table?
23 For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, that the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread: 24 And when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me. 25 After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, this cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me. 26 For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord’s death till he come.
So, the general practice is laid out, here in 1st Corinthians 11:23-26. In some countries and in some cultures, they still use ONE loaf, from which each person pinches off a small piece, and ONE single cup, passed around the room, from which each person takes a sip.
Our culture shares the “one cup” in the form of dozens of tiny cups. In similar manner, we share the “one loaf” in the form of dozens of tiny unleavened crackers. I seriously doubt that this is offensive to God. But approaching the Lord’s table in an unworthy manner, causing disunity, and shame, and hurt, is definitely offensive to Him.
Where Did Paul Get His Information?
Paul laid out that which he had received from Jesus, personally, regarding the Lord’s Table.
When did Paul receive this information from Jesus? Evidently during the three years he seems to have spent in personal training under the Lord Himself. (Galatians 1:11-18) Paul received some teaching that the other Apostles did not have. Jesus specifically trained Paul to be the “Apostle to the Gentiles.” (Romans 11:13) Paul was also the one through whom the “mystery of the Church” was primarily revealed. And The Church is absolutely Holy to God.
Why all the Warnings Associated with the Lord’s table?
In 1st Corinthians 3:17, God warns that if anyone defiles the “temple of God” (which in that context He states clearly is the Church, the Body of Christ,) then God will destroy them. God is not “playing games,” nor being unclear about His motives. The Church at Corinth was defiling the Church, and He evidently was destroying at least the worst offenders.
27 Wherefore whosoever shall eat this bread, and drink this cup of the Lord, unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord.
28 But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup.
29 For he that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh damnation to himself, not discerning the Lord’s body.
30 For this cause many are weak and sickly among you, and many sleep.
There are a Couple of Keys to Understanding this Passage:
- The word “Unworthily” is an adverb: It modifies the verbs “eat,” and “drink.” It is not an adjective, modifying “whosoever.” Yes, on our own, we are all “unworthy.” But by God’s Grace, through faith in Jesus’s blood at the Cross and His resurrection, we have been declared righteous. (Romans 5:1) But in this passage, the word “unworthy” specifically refers to the behavior the Corinthian Church was practicing, regarding the Lord’s Supper…not the people themselves.
- The command in verse 28 is for us to examine ourselves (for our motives, and behavior, and our attitude toward the Lord and the believers around us), and “so to eat of that bread, and drink of that cup!” No one is turned away from the Lord’s Table, except for obvious disrespect or flippancy or openly active disunity. We are not “examining one another for secret sins.” We examine ourselves, and we come to the table in unity and Love, confident in God’s Mercy and the acceptance we collectively have as His Children.
So, What Do We Do?
31 For if we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged. 32 But when we are judged, we are chastened of the Lord, that we should not be condemned with the world.
33 Wherefore, my brethren, when ye come together to eat, tarry one for another.
34 And if any man hunger, let him eat at home; that ye come not together unto condemnation. And the rest will I set in order when I come.
To begin with, we recognize that we are fallible human beings. We desire to do things God’s way, and we examine how and why we do what we do. Why? because we fear the Judgment of God, even though we know it is chastening, not condemnation, so we earnestly try to be obedient to God’s Word, as best we understand it.
We keep the Lord’s Table separate from any other meal. And, as we pass out the bread and the cup, we wait until all have been served, and we partake together. Is this “exactly” right? Maybe. Maybe not. But we earnestly seek to follow Jesus, as His disciples. We are not just “going through the motions.”
The Lord’s table is not just a ritual. It is one of the two ordinances given to the church. (The other is water baptism.) Both ordinances are commemorative in nature.
When a believer chooses to “follow the Lord in Baptism” they commemorate the fact that they have already been baptized into the Body of Christ by the Holy Spirit. (1st Corinthians 12:13)
When we join with one another in celebrating the Lord’s Table, we commemorate the facts of Jesus’s Death, burial, resurrection and second coming! And we do so regularly, until He returns!
Conclusion of Chapter Eleven
Paul said 34 And if any man hunger, let him eat at home; that ye come not together unto condemnation. And the rest will I set in order when I come.
If they could not learn to share at meals, then they were to stop their supposed “church dinners.” And, he said, there might be more that needed to be discussed, but that he would address those things in person. There are certainly things we fail to understand as we read God’s Word. None of us has a corner on correct doctrine. So, we, too, can accept that Jesus will straighten us all out, face to face. In the meantime, we do not break fellowship over minutiae.
Lord Jesus, heal our hearts of any disunity, and allow us to truly embrace the simgularity of the Body of Christ, and Love one another as Family

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